Auditory-tactile and tactile-tactile enhancement: The role of task and overt visual attention

Helge Gillmeister, Monira Rahman, Bettina Forster
Poster
Last modified: 2008-05-13

Abstract


Previous research has shown that the presence of auditory information can facilitate tactile processing, but it is not clear whether the information provided by sound enhances processing in the tactile system over and above that provided by an additional event within the tactile modality. Furthermore, it is not clear at what level of processing auditory-tactile enhancement occurs, and whether such enhancement is modulated by overt visual attention (looking at the stimulated body part). The present study addresses these issues by asking observers to rate the intensity of vibrotactile stimuli on their index finger in the presence or absence of synchronous co-located sounds or tactile events on an adjacent finger. Tactile intensities were rated either along a response scale or in a two-interval forced-choice task to test the level of processing at which enhancement occurs. To investigate the role of overt visual attention, observers either looked at or did not look at the stimulated hand. Results show that both sounds and additional tactile events can enhance perceived tactile intensity. Unlike tactile-tactile enhancement, auditory-tactile enhancement was found to occur at an early sensory stage (independently of task) when visual information of the stimulated hand was available. Precluding effects of response bias in the forced-choice task largely eliminated auditory-tactile enhancement when the hand was not looked at. Tactile-tactile enhancement occurred only when the stimulated hand was not looked at, and was abolished in the forced-choice task. Overt visual attention thus appears to affect crossmodal and intramodal enhancement in different ways. Looking at the stimulated body part may reinforce processing of the common spatial location of tactile and auditory events and increase auditory-tactile enhancement at early sensory stages. It may reduce tactile-tactile enhancement by reinforcing the spatially separate processing of tactile events on adjacent fingers.

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