Capturing driver attention by activating the brain’s defensive system
Cristy Ho, Charles Spence
Poster
Time: 2009-07-02 09:00 AM – 10:30 AM
Last modified: 2009-06-04
Abstract
We report a series of three experiments designed to assess the relative speed with which people initiated speeded head orienting responses following the presentation of spatial warning signals. Recent cognitive neuroscience findings have shown that our brain tends to treat stimuli occurring in peripersonal space as being somehow more behaviourally relevant and attention-demanding than stimuli occurring in extrapersonal space. These brain mechanisms may be exploited in the design of warning signals. Experiment 1 assessed the effectiveness of various different unisensory warning signals in eliciting a head-turning response to look at the potential source of danger requiring participants’ immediate attention; Experiment 2 assessed the latency of a driver’s responses to events occurring in the cued direction; Experiment 3 assessed the relative effectiveness of various warning signals in reorienting a person’s gaze back to a central driving task while they were distracted by a secondary task. The results showed that participants initiated head turning movements and made speeded discrimination/braking responses significantly more rapidly following the presentation of a close rear auditory warning signal, than following either the presentation of a far frontal auditory warning signal, a vibrotactile warning signal presented to their waist, or a peripheral visual warning signal. These results support the claim that the introduction of peripersonal warning signals result in a significant performance advantage relative to traditionally-designed warnings. Warning systems that have been designed on constraints of the human brain offer great potential in the future design of interfaces.